论文标题
使用数据驱动算法从稀疏测量中重建两个正方形圆柱体周围的不规则流动动力学
Reconstruction of irregular flow dynamics around two square cylinders from sparse measurements using a data-driven algorithm
论文作者
论文摘要
储层计算是预测湍流的有力工具,其简单的架构具有处理大型系统的计算效率。然而,其实现通常需要完整的状态向量测量和系统非线性知识。我们使用非线性投影函数将系统测量扩展到高维空间,然后将其输入到储层中以获得预测。我们展示了这种储层计算网络在时空混沌系统上的应用,该系统模拟了湍流的若干特征。我们表明,使用径向基函数作为非线性投影器,即使只有部分观测并且不知道控制方程,也能稳健地捕捉复杂的系统非线性。最后,我们表明,当测量稀疏、不完整且带有噪声,甚至控制方程变得不准确时,我们的网络仍然可以产生相当准确的预测,从而为实际湍流系统的无模型预测铺平了道路。
We propose a data-driven algorithm for reconstructing the irregular, chaotic flow dynamics around two side-by-side square cylinders from sparse, time-resolved, velocity measurements in the wake. We use Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) to reduce the dimensionality of the problem and then explore two different reconstruction approaches: in the first approach, we use the subspace system identification algorithm n4sid to extract a linear dynamical model directly from the data (including the modelling and measurement error covariance matrices) and then employ Kalman filter theory to synthesize a linearly optimal estimator. In the second approach, the estimator matrices are directly identified using n4sid. A systematic study reveals that the first strategy outperforms the second in terms of reconstruction accuracy, robustness and computational efficiency. We also consider the problem of sensor placement. A greedy approach based on the QR pivoting algorithm is compared against sensors placed at the POD mode peaks; we show that the former approach is more accurate in recovering the flow characteristics away from the cylinders. We demonstrate that a linear dynamic model with a sufficiently large number of states and relatively few measurements, can recover accurately complex flow features, such as the interaction of the irregular flapping motion of the jet emanating from the gap with the vortices shed from the cylinders as well as the convoluted patterns downstream arising from the amalgamation of the individual wakes. The proposed methodology is entirely data-driven, does not have tunable parameters, and the resulting matrices are unique (to within a linear coordinate transformation of the state vector). The method can be applied directly to either experimental or computational data.