论文标题
吱吱作响的小鼠：在毫米，光学和软X射线中观察到的来自Proxima CEN的小耀斑，带有Chandra和Alma
The Mouse that Squeaked: A small flare from Proxima Cen observed in the millimeter, optical, and soft X-ray with Chandra and ALMA
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了恒星耀斑的毫米，光学和软X射线观测，并在典型的X1太阳耀斑方面平均能量。这是2019年5月6日从Proxima CEN观察到的耀斑，这是较大的多波长耀斑监测运动的一部分，并被Chandra，Lcogt，Du Pont和Alma捕获。毫米发射似乎是直到最近才被发现的小型恒星耀斑中的常见发生，因此很难在当前耀斑过程的当前多波长图片中解释这些事件。 5月6日的活动是迄今为止检测到的最小的恒星毫米耀斑。我们将软X射线和毫米发射之间的关系与在太阳耀斑中观察到的关系进行比较。 X射线和光学耀斑能量为10 $^{30.3 \ pM0.2} $和10 $^{28.9 \ pM0.1} $ ERG，T = 11.0 $ \ pm $ 2.1 mk的冠状温度t = 11.0 $ \ pm $ 2.1 mk，以及9.5 $ \ pm $ 2.2 $ \ pm $ 2.2 $^$^$^$^$^$^$^49} M-X级太阳耀斑。我们发现在静止期间的软X射线和毫米发射与Gudel-Benz的关系一致，但在耀斑期间却不一致。毫米的光度比等效X1太阳耀斑高100倍，仅持续几秒钟而不是太阳耀斑所见的分钟。
We present millimeter, optical, and soft X-ray observations of a stellar flare with an energy squarely in the regime of typical X1 solar flares. The flare was observed from Proxima Cen on 2019 May 6 as part of a larger multi-wavelength flare monitoring campaign and was captured by Chandra, LCOGT, du Pont, and ALMA. Millimeter emission appears to be a common occurrence in small stellar flares that had gone undetected until recently, making it difficult to interpret these events within the current multi-wavelength picture of the flaring process. The May 6 event is the smallest stellar millimeter flare detected to date. We compare the relationship between the soft X-ray and millimeter emission to that observed in solar flares. The X-ray and optical flare energies of 10$^{30.3\pm0.2}$ and 10$^{28.9\pm0.1}$ erg, respectively, the coronal temperature of T=11.0$\pm$2.1 MK, and the emission measure of 9.5$\pm$2.2 X 10$^{49}$ cm$^{-3}$ are consistent with M-X class solar flares. We find the soft X-ray and millimeter emission during quiescence are consistent with the Gudel-Benz Relation, but not during the flare. The millimeter luminosity is >100X higher than that of an equivalent X1 solar flare and lasts only seconds instead of minutes as seen for solar flares.
