论文标题
星际培养基中的肽键：从冰晶粒上的硝酸盐的轻便自催化形成
Peptide Bonds in the Interstellar Medium: Facile Autocatalytic Formation from Nitriles on Water-Ice Grains
论文作者
论文摘要
最近的建议，乙酰酰胺，\ ce {ch3c（o）nh2}可以通过酸诱导的在\ ce {cn}键上添加水的水很容易形成在水冰晶粒上，现在证明是有效的。 \ ce {r-cn}（r = h，\ ce {ch3}）之间的反应的计算模型和32个分子的水和一个\ ce {h3o+}的簇自动催化首先形成了羟基imine \ ce {r-c（oh）= r-c（oh）= nh} and nh 2} riide nh 2} riide and-c。根据小型曲面估计计算的量子机械隧道在这些反应的速率中起着关键作用。这项工作代表了表明如何从大量底物（即硝酸和水）中形成酰胺的第一个可靠的努力，在星际介质中含有催化量的水龙的水冰簇反应，对生命的起源产生了影响。
A recent suggestion that acetamide, \ce{CH3C(O)NH2}, could be readily formed on water-ice grains by the acid induced addition of water across the \ce{CN} bond is now shown to be valid. Computational modelling of the reaction between \ce{R-CN} (R = H, \ce{CH3}) and a cluster of 32 molecules of water and one \ce{H3O+} proceeds auto-catalytically to form firstly a hydroxy imine \ce{R-C(OH)=NH} and secondly an amide \ce{R-C(O)NH2}. Quantum mechanical tunnelling, computed from small-curvature estimates, plays a key role in the rates of these reactions. This work represents the first credible effort to show how amides can be formed from abundant substrates, namely nitriles and water, reacting on a water-ice cluster containing catalytic amounts of hydrons in the interstellar medium with consequential implications towards the origins of life.
