论文标题
光学悬浮的纳米颗粒与其热图像之间的相互作用：通过位移感测得的内部温度计
Interaction Between an Optically Levitated Nanoparticle and Its Thermal Image: Internal Thermometry via Displacement Sensing
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出并理论上分析了一个实验，在该实验中，可以使用表面前光悬浮的纳米颗粒的位移感应来测量纳米颗粒及其热图像之间诱导的偶极 - 偶极相互作用。这是通过使用透明的捕获光但反射到红外辐射的表面来实现的，可以进行反射率。这种偶极 - 偶极相互作用依赖于具有足够时间连贯性的二氧化硅纳米颗粒发出的热辐射，可以将反射辐射与偶极子的热波动相关联。最终的力是比热梯度力强的数量级，它在粒子到表面的距离大于两个微米的情况下，它很大程度上取决于纳米颗粒的内部温度。我们认为，在表面前用作内部温度计，在表面前使用悬浮的纳米颗粒的位移感应在实验上是可行的。在真空中悬浮的纳米颗粒的内部物理学的实验访问对于理解反应对目前致力于在宏观量子倍增状态下制备纳米颗粒的局限性至关重要。
We propose and theoretically analyze an experiment where displacement sensing of an optically levitated nanoparticle in front of a surface can be used to measure the induced dipole-dipole interaction between the nanoparticle and its thermal image. This is achieved by using a surface that is transparent to the trapping light but reflective to infrared radiation, with a reflectivity that can be time modulated. This dipole-dipole interaction relies on the thermal radiation emitted by a silica nanoparticle having sufficient temporal coherence to correlate the reflected radiation with the thermal fluctuations of the dipole. The resulting force is orders of magnitude stronger than the thermal gradient force and it strongly depends on the internal temperature of the nanoparticle for a particle-to-surface distance greater than two micrometers. We argue that it is experimentally feasible to use displacement sensing of a levitated nanoparticle in front of a surface as an internal thermometer. Experimental access to the internal physics of a levitated nanoparticle in vacuum is crucial to understand the limitations that decoherence poses to current efforts devoted to prepare a nanoparticle in a macroscopic quantum superposition state.
