论文标题
无掩盖定理以进行可观察到
No-masking theorem for observables
论文作者
论文摘要
量子信息的无掩盖定理证明，不可能将任意输入状态编码到较大的两部分纠缠状态中，以便将完整信息存储在相关性中，但是单个子系统没有有关输入状态的信息。在这里，我们提出一个问题：是否有可能掩盖可观察到的可观察到的信息的信息，但是单个子系统在可观察到的烙印方面却一无所知？这概括了掩盖对可观察物的概念。我们表明，可以在任何维度中掩盖可观察到的任意观察的通用统一。对于量子系统，我们显示给定可观察到的掩蔽操作在本地单位连接到交换操作。这暗示了可观察到的信息内容的保护法，这超出了对称操作下的保护法。此外，我们证明，无条件的禁止承诺结果是从无掩盖的定理来观察到的。我们的结果可以在量子信息和量子通信中具有重要的应用程序，在该信息中我们不是在州而不是在观察物中编码信息。
The no-masking theorem for quantum information proves that it is impossible to encode an arbitrary input state into a larger bipartite entangled state such that the full information is stored in the correlation but the individual subsystems have no information about the input state. Here, we ask the question: Is it possible to mask an observable such that the information about the observable is available in the joint system, but individual subsystems reveal nothing about the imprints of the observable? This generalizes the notion of masking to observables. We show that a universal unitary that can mask an arbitrary observable in any dimension does not exist. For a qubit system, we show that the masking operation for a given observable is locally unitarily connected to the SWAP operation. This suggests a conservation law for information content of observables that goes beyond the conservation laws under symmetry operations. Furthermore, we prove that the unconditional no-bit commitment result follows from the no-masking theorem for observables. Our results can have important applications in quantum information and quantum communication where we encode information not in states but in observables.
