论文标题
盒陷阱中偶极液滴的超固体形和三角形的晶格结晶
Supersolid-like square- and triangular-lattice crystallization of dipolar droplets in a box trap
论文作者
论文摘要
使用包括Lee-huang-yang型相互作用在内的超越田间模型，我们证明了在偏光偶极冷凝物中液滴结晶的超固体的空间 - 周期性正方形和三角形晶格，该冷凝物被合适的三维（3D）盒子束缚。在本文中，我们考虑了一个矩形盒（Cuboid）陷阱，一个方盒（具有两个相等侧）陷阱的方盒，一个圆柱盒陷阱和一个六边形盒（六边形棱镜）陷阱。液滴晶格始终以$ x $ - $ y $ $ $的平面形成，垂直于偶极原子的两极分化$ z $方向。与谐波陷阱相反，盒子陷阱允许在自由空间中形成大型的清洁超固体的空间周期结晶而不会失真。此外，与谐波陷阱相比，可以在3D盒子陷阱中形成液滴晶格，这可以促进盒子陷阱中液滴格子的实验性观察。有了当前的知识，可以在实验室中实现这种偶极液滴的超固体结晶，从而可以在刚性壁限制的自由空间中研究大量的偶性液滴的周期性晶格。
Using a beyond-mean-field model including a Lee-Huang-Yang-type interaction, we demonstrate a supersolid-like spatially-periodic square- and triangular-lattice crystallization of droplets in a polarized dipolar condensate confined by an appropriate three-dimensional (3D) box trap. In this paper we consider a rectangular box (cuboid) trap, a square box (cuboid with two equal sides) trap, a cylindrical box trap and a hexagonal box (hexagonal prism) trap. The droplet lattice is always formed in the $x$-$y$ plane perpendicular to the polarization $z$ direction of dipolar atoms. In contrast to a harmonic trap, the box traps allow the formation of a large clean supersolid-like spatially-periodic crystallization in free space without any distortion. Moreover, a droplet lattice can be formed in a 3D box trap with a significantly reduced number of atoms than in a harmonic trap, which could facilitate the experimental observation of droplet lattice in a box trap. With present know-how such a supersolid-like crystallization of dipolar droplets in a 3D box trap can be realized in a laboratory thus allowing the study of a large periodic lattice of dipolar droplets in free space bounded by rigid walls.
