论文标题
部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测
Relativistic time-of-arrival measurements: predictions, post-selection and causality problem
论文作者
论文摘要
我们在量子场理论（QFT）的背景下分析了相对论粒子的到达时间分布。我们表明，QFT导致了独特的预测，模仿后选择，该预选将设备的属性纳入初始状态。我们还表明，可能在近场测量中进行了不同概率调解的实验区分。我们还分析了相对论测量中的因果关系。我们考虑通过真空的时空定位操作获得的量子状态，我们表明检测概率通常以小型瞬态非因果项为特征。我们解释说，这些术语源于初始操作的Feynman-Propagation，因为Feynman繁殖者不会在轻锥之外消失。我们讨论了恢复因果关系的可能方法，我们认为这可能是在涉及切换磁场 - apparatus耦合的测量模型中不可能的。
We analyze time-of-arrival probability distributions for relativistic particles in the context of quantum field theory (QFT). We show that QFT leads to a unique prediction, modulo post-selection that incorporates properties of the apparatus into the initial state. We also show that an experimental distinction of different probability assigments is possible especially in near-field measurements. We also analyze causality in relativistic measurements. We consider a quantum state obtained by a spacetime-localized operation on the vacuum, and we show that detection probabilities are typically characterized by small transient non-causal terms. We explain that these terms originate from Feynman-propagation of the initial operation, because the Feynman propagator does not vanish outside the light-cone. We discuss possible ways to restore causality, and we argue that this may not be possible in measurement models that involve switching the field-apparatus coupling on and off.
