论文标题
乌托邦:通过混合限制性和灵活的虚拟到物理地址映射快速有效的地址翻译
Utopia: Fast and Efficient Address Translation via Hybrid Restrictive & Flexible Virtual-to-Physical Address Mappings
论文作者
论文摘要
常规的虚拟内存(VM)框架启用一个虚拟地址,可以灵活地映射到任何物理地址。这种灵活性需要大量数据结构来存储虚拟到物理映射,从而导致高地址翻译潜伏期和内存层次结构中的大型翻译引起的干扰。另一方面,限制地址映射,以便虚拟地址只能映射到特定的物理地址集可以通过使用紧凑而有效的翻译结构来大大减少地址翻译开销。但是,限制整个主内存的地址映射灵活性严重限制了跨不同过程共享的数据,并增加了数据访问到存储设备的交换空间,即使在存在自由存储器的情况下也是如此。我们建议乌托邦(Utopia),这是一种新的混合虚拟到物理地址映射方案,允许灵活和限制性的基于哈希的地址映射方案在系统中和谐共存。乌托邦的关键思想是使用两种类型的物理内存段来管理物理内存:限制性和灵活的段。限制性段使用基于限制性的基于哈希的地址映射方案,该方案仅将虚拟地址映射到特定的物理地址集,并使用紧凑的翻译结构启用更快的地址翻译。灵活的段采用常规的完全柔滑地址映射方案。通过将数据映射到一个限制性段,乌托邦可以通过较低的翻译引起的干扰来更快地地址翻译。在基线系统上,乌托邦在单核系统中的性能提高了24%,而最佳先前的最新连续性翻译方案则提高了13%的性能。
Conventional virtual memory (VM) frameworks enable a virtual address to flexibly map to any physical address. This flexibility necessitates large data structures to store virtual-to-physical mappings, which leads to high address translation latency and large translation-induced interference in the memory hierarchy. On the other hand, restricting the address mapping so that a virtual address can only map to a specific set of physical addresses can significantly reduce address translation overheads by using compact and efficient translation structures. However, restricting the address mapping flexibility across the entire main memory severely limits data sharing across different processes and increases data accesses to the swap space of the storage device, even in the presence of free memory. We propose Utopia, a new hybrid virtual-to-physical address mapping scheme that allows both flexible and restrictive hash-based address mapping schemes to harmoniously co-exist in the system. The key idea of Utopia is to manage physical memory using two types of physical memory segments: restrictive and flexible segments. A restrictive segment uses a restrictive, hash-based address mapping scheme that maps virtual addresses to only a specific set of physical addresses and enables faster address translation using compact translation structures. A flexible segment employs the conventional fully-flexible address mapping scheme. By mapping data to a restrictive segment, Utopia enables faster address translation with lower translation-induced interference. Utopia improves performance by 24% in a single-core system over the baseline system, whereas the best prior state-of-the-art contiguity-aware translation scheme improves performance by 13%.