论文标题
通过冲击载荷和散布快速激活非面向机械团
Rapid Activation of Non-Oriented Mechanophores via Shock Loading and Spallation
论文作者
论文摘要
机械算术,刺激反应性分子对机械化学反应的响应,对于理解力学和化学之间以及工程应用之间的耦合至关重要。然而,原子水平对其激活的理解源自气相研究或直接在含有机械粒子的分子或聚合物链上的简单线性伸长力下。尚不清楚多体畸变在凝聚相应用中普遍存在的效果。因此,我们在动态机械载荷下对PMMA-螺旋藻共聚合物进行了大规模的分子动力学模拟,并研究了机械学在从动态压缩到卸载期间张力的各种条件下的激活。对全原子MD轨迹的详细分析表明,与分子松弛时间尺度相对于变形速率相比,机械学块会经历重要的多体内分子失真,可以显着降低激活屏障。我们发现,在物质压缩状态下机械粒的反应性受到分子内扭转的多体效应的控制,而在张力下,反应受拉伸应力的控制。
Mechanophores, stimuli-responsive molecules that respond chromatically to mechanochemical reactions, are important for understanding the coupling between mechanics and chemistry as well as in engineering applications. However, the atomic-level understanding of their activation originates from gas phase studies or under simple linear elongation forces directly on molecules or polymer chains containing mechanophores. The effect of many-body distortions, pervasive in condensed-phase applications, is not understood. Therefore, we performed large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of a PMMA-spiropyran co-polymer under dynamic mechanical loading and studied the activation of the mechanophore under various conditions from dynamical compression to tension during unloading. Detailed analysis of the all-atom MD trajectories shows that the mechanophore blocks experience significant many-body intra-molecular distortion that can significantly decrease the activation barrier as compared to when deformation rates are slow relative to molecular relaxation timescales. We find that the reactivity of mechanophores under material compression states is governed by many-body effects of intra-molecular torsions, whereas under tension the reactions are governed by tensile stresses.