论文标题

Greenmo:虚拟化用户所占的MIMO

GreenMO: Virtualized User-proportionate MIMO

论文作者

Gupta, Agrim, Nassirpour, Sajjad, Dunna, Manideep, Patamasing, Eamon, Vahid, Alireza, Bharadia, Dinesh

论文摘要

随着新十年之交,无线通信在连接更多新用户和设备方面面临着一个重大挑战,同时又可以节能并最大程度地减少其碳足迹。但是,当前解决用户数量越来越多的方法,例如传统的完全数字体系结构,用于大规模的MIMO,需要过高的能源消耗。原因是传统上,MIMO需要每个天线的单独的RF链,因此功耗尺度具有数量的天线,而不是用户数量,因此效率低下。取而代之的是,Greenmo创建了一个新的大型MIMO架构,该体系结构能够使用更多的天线,同时将功率消耗保持在用户所占的数字上。为了实现此GreenMo,首次介绍了RF链硬件的虚拟化概念。 Greenmo实际上在数字域中创建了这些RF链。这也使Greenmo成为第一个灵活的大型MIMO架构。由于Greenmo的虚拟RF链是在数字上创建的,因此它可以根据用户负载来调整这些虚拟链的数量,因此始终会灵活地消耗用户面积的功率。因此,Greenmo为绿色和柔性的大型MIMO铺平了道路。我们在具有八个天线的PCB上原型Greenmo原型,并在办公环境中使用Warpv3 SDR平台对其进行了评估。结果表明,格林莫(Greenmo)比传统的巨大含量高3倍,比传统的OFDMA系统高4倍,而频谱效率高4倍,同时使4个用户多样化,并且可以在现代5G NR基础站中节省高达40%的功率。

With the turn of new decade, wireless communications face a major challenge on connecting many more new users and devices, at the same time being energy efficient and minimizing its carbon footprint. However, the current approaches to address the growing number of users and spectrum demands, like traditional fully digital architectures for Massive MIMO, demand exorbitant energy consumption. The reason is that traditionally MIMO requires a separate RF chain per antenna, so the power consumption scales with number of antennas, instead of number of users, hence becomes energy inefficient. Instead, GreenMO creates a new massive MIMO architecture which is able to use many more antennas while keeping power consumption to user-proportionate numbers. To achieve this GreenMO introduces for the first time, the concept of virtualization of the RF chain hardware. Instead of laying the RF chains physically to each antenna, GreenMO creates these RF chains virtually in digital domain. This also enables GreenMO to be the first flexible massive MIMO architecture. Since GreenMO's virtual RF chains are created on the fly digitally, it can tune the number of these virtual chains according to the user load, hence always flexibly consume user-proportionate power. Thus, GreenMO paves the way for green and flexible massive MIMO. We prototype GreenMO on a PCB with eight antennas and evaluate it with a WARPv3 SDR platform in an office environment. The results demonstrate that GreenMO is 3x more power-efficient than traditional Massive MIMO and 4x more spectrum-efficient than traditional OFDMA systems, while multiplexing 4 users, and can save upto 40% power in modern 5G NR base stations.

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